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When we label a patient of kidney disease?

The definition and classification of “chronic kidney disease” (CKD) were introduced, it defines chronic kidney disease as the presence of kidney damage or decreased kidney function for three months or more, regardless of the cause, and is largely based on laboratory measures.

In simple words when the patient has a high level of Urea and creatinine in his blood during Laboratory investigation.

What are the symptoms of Covid-19?

Most infected people of COVID-19 will develop mild to moderate symptoms.

Common symptoms:

• Fever
• Tiredness
• Dry cough
• Aches and pains
• Nasal congestion
• Runny nose
• Sore throat
• Diarrhea

On average it may take 5–6 days from when someone is infected of COVID-19 virus for symptoms to show. However, it can take up to 14 days.

Patients with mild symptoms who are otherwise healthy should self-isolate like quarantine. Seek medical attention if the patient has a fever,  cough, and difficulty breathing.

Why kidney patients should be worried more?

Patients with Kidney disease have lower immunity level, which is a dangerous thing to adopt any infection, especially COVID-19. If COVID-19 attacks the patient of kidney disease, then the patient will suffer seriously. The immune system of patient is not able to conquer the virus. And then serious consequences will take place even death can occur.

How Kidneys Patients protect himself from Covid-19?

You can reduce the risk of infection or spread of infection  COVID-19 by taking these precautions:

• Clean your hands regularly and thoroughly with alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Or wash with soap and water thoroughly. Viruses on your hands will be killed.
• Keep a social distance of at least 3 feet between yourself and others, because when someone coughs, sneezes or speaks, they spray small droplets of infected liquid from the nose or mouth that may contain COVID-19 virus. If you are too close, you can inhale the droplets.
• Avoid going to crowded places, because when people come together in large quantities, you are more likely to come into close contact with someone with COIVD-19 virus, and it is more difficult to maintain a physical distance of 3 feet.
• Do not touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because Hands touch many surfaces and can absorb viruses. Once contaminated, hands can spread the COIVD-19 virus to the eyes, nose, or mouth.
• Make sure that you and the people around you have good breathing hygiene because this means that when you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with your elbows or tissue bent. Then dispose of the used tissue paper immediately and wash or sanitize your hands, to prevent COVID-19.
• Stay at home and isolate yourself. If you have minor symptoms like cough, headache, and mild fever until you recover. ·
• Let someone bring supplies to you.·
• If you need to leave your home, wear a mask so as not to infect others, because avoiding contact with others will protect patients from possible infection of COVID-19 and other viruses.·
• If you have a fever, cough, and difficulty breathing, consult a doctor. ·
• Keep up to date with the latest information from trusted sources such as the World Health Organization or your local and national health authorities.

For more detail book your appointment with one of the experienced urologist in Faisalabad (Dr Imran Qadir)

What are the types of kidney failure?

There are usually two types of Kidney Failure. First is acute and second is chronic kidney failure.

There are the different reason of is acute and second is chronic kidney failure.

Here I will discuss one of the causes of acute renal failure at the present era of the time of Global Pandemic.

A bird-eye view on Coronavirus (COVID-19)

The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the resulting Coronavirus (COVID-19) as a global pandemic. The recent Chinese experience with Coronavirus (COVID-19) has addressed the clinical features of the virus, including risk factors and prognoses in the general population.

Since December 2019, the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread from a single city in Hubei, China to most of the world.

Symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Patients suffering from Coronavirus (COVID-19), present with myalgia, fever, and cough. These are the most common symptoms.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (COVID-19) is the causative agent of atypical pneumonia, which affected global population with mortalities.

Complications of Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Coronavirus spike (S) glycoproteins mediate entry into cells and end predominantly in pulmonary epithelial alveolar cells, which triggers interstitial pneumonia, which develops as a result of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Kidney Failure in Coronavirus (COVID-19)

About 25% of acute kidney failure has been reported in this clinical setting. These data were recently confirmed by the Italian report “Istituto Superiore di Sanità”, which described an incidence of 27.8% in more than 2000 patients (updated on March 17) (https: //www.epicentro.iss. it / coronavirus / Bollettino /). Report-COVID-2019_17_marzo-v2.pdf). In this comment, we discuss possible mechanisms of Coronavirus (COVID-19) -induced acute kidney Failure and show possible new approaches for risk stratification of Coronavirus (COVID-19)-infected patients, which can be helpful in the clinical decision in this emerging scenario.

ARDS patients, who develop acute kidney failure, are at higher risk of serious consequences and mortality. In my opinion, it is imperative to create a predictive model to stratify Coronavirus (COVID-19), infected patients, by acute kidney failure severity. This approach could lead to an innovative biomarker-based intervention strategy in this emerging clinical competition that will result in a better allocation of hospital resources.

Book your appointment with DR IMRAN QADIR (One of the best kidney Doctor in town) if you facing any issue related to kidney.

A new disease due to Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the world; almost all people are directly or indirectly exposed to an infection risk of Corona Virus. Since December 2019, the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread from a single city in Hubei, China to most of the world.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the patients of kidney transplantation

It is therefore not surprising that Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been identified in kidney transplant recipients. Dr Vinay Nair from New York presents his first ten cases of confirmed COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients in his healthcare network.

This is a small cohort. It is clear that Coronavirus (COVID-19) can exist in different ways, similar to the general population, and the prognosis for individual recipients of kidney transplants patients can vary widely. However, overall mortality is high in these cases.

Affect os Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the general population

Similar to the general population suffering from Coronavirus (COVID-19), myalgia, fever, and cough were the most common symptoms.

Most patients had evidence of viral pneumonia, which was on CXR or CT investigation. The severity of the disease during the presentation was also found very different.

We found that one patient of Coronavirus (COVID-19) was urgently endotracheal intubated and brought to the intensive care unit while another patient of Coronavirus (COVID-19) was discharged home. Unfortunately, several patients of kidney transplant in the hospital are decompensated. Out of the 5 intensive care patients, 3 were initially admitted to a medical department. Three of the five intensive care patients eventually died, which is in line with the poor prognosis of patients who need intensive care in the general population in the study of Dr Vinay Nair.

In comparison, a study from Wuhan China we found 54% of the total population of patients with ARDS have died.

A study from the China patients with Coronavirus (COVID-19) kidney transplant recipients, mortality did not report in five patients with non-“severe” infections.

Another report from Italy among transplant recipients with Coronavirus (COVID-19) described an overall mortality rate in admitted patients of 25%. We need larger studies to fully understand the mortality risk of transplant recipients with Coronavirus (COVID-19)

The World Health Organization (WHO) Recommendations

The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the resulting Coronavirus (COVID-19) as a global pandemic.

The recent Chinese experience with Coronavirus (COVID-19) has addressed the clinical features of the virus, including risk factors and prognoses in the general population.

However, there is little information about the infectious course of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in immunocompromised individuals, including kidney transplant recipients. Because of their decreased T cell immunity, transplant recipients are expected to be at higher risk of serious bacterial and viral infections.

This would indicate that kidney transplant recipients are at higher risk of infection and mortality from Coronavirus (COVID-19). However, very few reports of COVID-19 have been published in transplant recipients. Coronavirus (COVID-19) infected patient with kidney transplant recipient may suffer gastrointestinal symptoms (GI), fever and pulmonary findings within 48 hours. The patient tested positive for COVID-19 having 12 years after the kidney transplant and who recovered after treatment with reduced immunosuppression and low-dose methylprednisolone. So far it is unclear whether these are isolated cases or whether a tempered immune response is helpful to prevent a severe cytokine storm in connection with Coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Book your appointment with the best kidney Doctor in Faisalabad for the consultant.